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Jefferson County, Florida

Natural disaster risk, federal disaster history and flood insurance facts.

Very Low overall risk
60th of 67highest risk in Florida
$7Mexpected losses a year
39federal declarations
1 in 83homes with flood insurance
Photo: CC0

Jefferson County, Florida has a very low overall risk from natural hazards in FEMA's National Risk Index. Its risk score is lower than 61% of US counties. It ranks 60th of 67 counties in Florida. The costliest hazards here are hurricanes, inland flooding and tornadoes. FEMA estimates about $7.3 million a year in expected losses, or roughly $506 per resident. Since 1973 it has been included in 39 federal disaster or emergency declarations for natural events (25 major disasters). The most recent was in October 2026 (Hurricane Isaias). About 1 in 83 homes here carry federal flood insurance (75 policies). Since 1978, federal flood insurance has paid about $88,000 on 18 claims here.

FEMA National Risk Index December 2025; OpenFEMA declarations to Nov 6, 2026; NFIP records. Updated November 6, 2026.

Top risks in Jefferson County

Hurricane

Moderate
$2.9 million a yearExpected losses. Damaging events about once every 4 years.
  • Know your evacuation zone and route before June 1.
  • Ask about roof age, shutters and the separate wind or hurricane deductible on your home policy.
$2 million a yearExpected losses. Damaging events about once every 3 years.
  • Check the FEMA flood map for your address, and ask the seller or landlord about past flooding.
  • Price a flood policy now. Most new federal policies take 30 days to start.
$946,767 a yearExpected losses. Damaging events about once every 3 years.
  • Pick a shelter spot: a basement, or an inside room on the lowest floor with no windows.
  • Turn on emergency alerts on your phone and keep a weather radio.
HazardRatingScoreExpected loss a year
HurricaneModerate86.7
$3M
Inland floodingVery Low28.1
$2M
TornadoLow57.3
$947K
Cold waveLow60.8
$865K
Heat waveLow44.7
$172K
LightningLow53.6
$160K
WildfireLow71.3
$114K
Strong windLow17.3
$90K
EarthquakeVery Low30.8
$50K
HailVery Low8.8
$15K
DroughtVery Low30.0
$15K
Coastal floodingVery Low39.4
$9K
Winter weatherVery Low10.2
$5K
LandslideVery Low14.9
$37

Scores are percentiles: a score of 90 means higher risk than about 90% of US counties for that hazard. Hazards FEMA does not rate here are left out. Social vulnerability is very high and community resilience is relatively low in FEMA's measures.

Federal disaster history

Recent disasters nationwide ›

Declarations by decade

Federal declarations for natural events that included Jefferson County. 2020s bar runs to November 2026.

By type

Hurricane22
Severe Storm8
Tropical Storm6
Fire2
Flood1

Most recent

Oct 27, 2026Hurricane IsaiasMajor disaster
Oct 9, 2026Hurricane IsaiasEmergency
Sep 28, 2024Hurricane HeleneMajor disaster
Sep 24, 2024Tropical Storm HeleneEmergency
Aug 10, 2024Hurricane DebbyMajor disaster
Aug 3, 2024Tropical Storm DebbyEmergency
Jun 17, 2024Severe Storms, Straight-Line Winds, and TornadoesMajor disaster
Aug 31, 2023Hurricane IdaliaMajor disaster
Aug 28, 2023Tropical Storm IdaliaEmergency
Dec 13, 2022Hurricane NicoleMajor disaster
Show all 39
Nov 8, 2022Tropical Storm NicoleEmergency
Sep 29, 2022Hurricane IanMajor disaster
Sep 24, 2022Tropical Storm IanEmergency
Aug 16, 2021Tropical Storm FredEmergency
Jul 4, 2021Tropical Storm ElsaEmergency
Sep 23, 2020Hurricane SallyMajor disaster
Aug 30, 2019Hurricane DorianEmergency
Oct 11, 2018Hurricane MichaelMajor disaster
Oct 9, 2018Hurricane MichaelEmergency
Sep 10, 2017Hurricane IrmaMajor disaster
Sep 5, 2017Hurricane IrmaEmergency
Sep 28, 2016Hurricane HermineMajor disaster
Jul 3, 2012Tropical Storm DebbyMajor disaster
Apr 21, 2009Severe Storms, Flooding, Tornadoes, and Straight-Line WindsMajor disaster
Aug 24, 2008Tropical Storm FayMajor disaster
Aug 21, 2008Tropical Storm FayEmergency
Sep 5, 2005Hurricane Katrina EvacuationEmergency
Jul 10, 2005Hurricane DennisMajor disaster
Sep 26, 2004Hurricane JeanneMajor disaster
Sep 16, 2004Hurricane IvanMajor disaster
Sep 4, 2004Hurricane FrancesMajor disaster
Aug 13, 2004Tropical Storm Bonnie and Hurricane CharleyMajor disaster
Jun 17, 2001Tropical Storm AllisonMajor disaster
Oct 3, 2000Tropical Storm HeleneMajor disaster
Apr 27, 1999Fl-Fires 04/15/99Emergency
Sep 28, 1998Hurricane GeorgesMajor disaster
Jun 18, 1998Extreme Fire HazardMajor disaster
Dec 3, 1985Hurricane KateMajor disaster
May 26, 1973Severe Storms & FloodingMajor disaster

Florida also had 39 statewide declarations that did not name single counties.

Storm history since 1967

Tornado risk by county ›

The National Weather Service has logged 337 storm reports in Jefferson County since 1967, with 0 deaths and 1 injury and about $1.1 million in reported damage. The strongest on record here was an EF2 tornado on March 3, 2019 near Lloyd.

17tornadoes
22hail reports, largest 2 inches
268damaging thunderstorm winds
16floods and flash floods

Strongest tornadoes

DateStrengthNearHurt / killed
Mar 3, 2019EF2Lloyd0 / 0
Oct 27, 1972F1–1 / 0
Jun 14, 1975F1–0 / 0
Nov 11, 1979F1–0 / 0
Oct 8, 2008EF1Lloyd0 / 0

Most damaging storms

DateTypeNearDamage
Aug 23, 2008Flash FloodJarrott$100K
Jun 19, 2023Thunderstorm WindMonticello$100K
Sep 6, 2000Flash FloodCountywide$75K
Mar 3, 1999Thunderstorm WindWacissa$50K
Sep 22, 2000Flash FloodCountywide$50K
Sep 22, 2000TornadoWaukeenah$50K

Source: NOAA Storm Events Database, county-based reports through Jul 29, 2026. Tornado records start in 1950, hail and wind in 1955, and floods and other storm types in 1996, so older decades undercount. Damage is in dollars of the year it happened and is often an estimate. Winter storms, heat and hurricanes are logged by forecast zone, not county, so they are not counted here.

Hurricanes and tropical storms

Hurricane risk by county ›

Since 1852, 16 hurricanes and 53 tropical storms have passed within 65 miles of the center of Jefferson County, 27 of them since 1950. The strongest was Hurricane Helene (2024), with top winds near 140 mph about 57 miles away.

16hurricanes
2major hurricanes (Category 3+)
53tropical storms
2024most recent: Helene

Strongest storms nearby

DateStormStrengthClosest
Sep 27, 2024HeleneCategory 4, 140 mph57 mi
Aug 30, 2023IdaliaCategory 3, 125 mph62 mi
Oct 9, 1894UnnamedCategory 2, 105 mph63 mi
Oct 9, 1852UnnamedCategory 2, 105 mph64 mi
Sep 4, 1935UnnamedCategory 2, 100 mph63 mi
Jun 21, 1886UnnamedCategory 2, 100 mph62 mi

Most recent storms

DateStormStrengthClosest
Sep 27, 2024HeleneCategory 4, 140 mph57 mi
Aug 5, 2024DebbyCategory 1, 80 mph64 mi
Aug 30, 2023IdaliaCategory 3, 125 mph62 mi
Nov 10, 2022NicoleTropical storm, 45 mph57 mi
Sep 9, 2021MindyTropical storm, 50 mph55 mi
Jul 7, 2021ElsaTropical storm, 65 mph62 mi

Source: NOAA National Hurricane Center best-track records (HURDAT2), 1851 to 2025 for the Atlantic and 1949 to 2025 for the eastern Pacific. A storm counts if its track passed within 65 miles of the county's center while it was a tropical storm or hurricane. Strength is the storm's top sustained wind at that point, not the wind measured in the county. Older storms over the open sea were sometimes missed.

Flood insurance in Jefferson County

Check your address flood zone ›
1.2%of homes have federal flood insurance (75 policies)
12.5%of homes in mapped high-risk flood zones are insured
$87,982paid on 18 flood claims since 1978
1995costliest year, with $23,106 paid

National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) records only; private flood policies are not included. Home counts as of Aug 3, 2026. Since 2021 NFIP prices each home separately under Risk Rating 2.0, so your price depends on the building, not the county. Ask an agent for a quote.

Homes in Jefferson County

$232,600median home value (Florida $359,000, US $332,700)
1987median year homes were built (Florida 1988, US 1980)
41%of homes built before 1980, before many modern wind, quake and flood building rules
29.2%of homes are mobile homes, which are the least safe in tornadoes and high winds

Older homes and mobile homes usually suffer more damage in storms, floods and earthquakes, and can cost more to insure. If you are buying, ask about roof age, foundation bolting and any retrofits. Source: US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 2020 to 2024 5-year estimates; 6,886 housing units.

Compare in Florida

All 67 ›
Largest countiesOverall riskTop hazard
Miami-Dade CountyVery HighInland flooding
Broward CountyHighInland flooding
Palm Beach CountyHighHurricane
Hillsborough CountyHighHurricane
Orange CountyHighInland flooding
Duval CountyHighInland flooding
Pinellas CountyHighHurricane
Lee CountyHighHurricane

Neighboring counties

CountyOverall riskDeclarations
Leon CountyModerate35
Thomas County, GALow19
Wakulla CountyLow45
Taylor CountyLow39
Madison CountyLow32
Brooks County, GAVery Low18

Common questions about Jefferson County

What is the biggest natural hazard in Jefferson County?

Hurricane has the highest expected yearly losses in Jefferson County, about $2.9 million a year in FEMA's estimate. Inland flooding is second at $2 million.

How many federal disasters has Jefferson County had?

Jefferson County has been included in 39 federal disaster or emergency declarations for natural events since 1973, including 25 major disasters. The most recent was Hurricane Isaias in October 2026.

Is Jefferson County a high-risk place to live?

Its overall rating is Very Low, 60th highest of 67 in Florida. A county rating covers the whole area. Risk at one address can be much higher or lower, so check the FEMA flood map and ask about the home's history.

Do I need flood insurance in Jefferson County?

Standard home insurance does not cover flooding. About 1 in 83 homes in Jefferson County has federal flood insurance. Lenders require it in mapped high-risk zones, but many flood claims come from outside those zones.

How many tornadoes has Jefferson County had?

NOAA records list 17 tornadoes in Jefferson County since 1950. The strongest was an EF2 tornado on March 3, 2019 near Lloyd. The weather service has also logged 22 hail reports and 16 floods here.

How many hurricanes have hit Jefferson County?

NOAA's hurricane records show 16 hurricanes and 53 tropical storms passing within 65 miles of the center of Jefferson County, including 2 major hurricanes (Category 3 or stronger). The strongest was Hurricane Helene (2024), with winds near 140 mph.

Sources: FEMA National Risk Index (December 2025), OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries, and NFIP policy and claims data. Hazard Compass is independent and not affiliated with FEMA. These figures describe the whole county, not a single property, and are not insurance or safety advice. Report a problem.