Jefferson County, Iowa
Natural disaster risk, federal disaster history and flood insurance facts.
Jefferson County, Iowa has a very low overall risk from natural hazards in FEMA's National Risk Index. Its risk score is lower than 73% of US counties. It ranks 73rd of 99 counties in Iowa. The costliest hazards here are inland flooding, heat waves and tornadoes. FEMA estimates about $7.5 million a year in expected losses, or roughly $481 per resident. Since 1965 it has been included in 10 federal disaster or emergency declarations for natural events (9 major disasters). The most recent was in July 2015 (severe storms, tornadoes, straight-line winds and flooding). Only 4 homes here carry federal flood insurance.
FEMA National Risk Index December 2025; OpenFEMA declarations to Nov 6, 2026; NFIP records. Updated November 6, 2026.
Top risks in Jefferson County
- Check the FEMA flood map for your address, and ask the seller or landlord about past flooding.
- Price a flood policy now. Most new federal policies take 30 days to start.
- Check that cooling works before summer.
- Know where the nearest cooling center is.
- Pick a shelter spot: a basement, or an inside room on the lowest floor with no windows.
- Turn on emergency alerts on your phone and keep a weather radio.
All 18 hazards
What the ratings mean ›| Hazard | Rating | Score | Expected loss a year | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inland flooding | 20.4 | $2M | ||
| Heat wave | 79.5 | $1M | ||
| Tornado | 54.1 | $1M | ||
| Drought | 82.3 | $900K | ||
| Strong wind | 59.9 | $613K | ||
| Hail | 75.3 | $592K | ||
| Lightning | 67.6 | $380K | ||
| Cold wave | 24.4 | $261K | ||
| Earthquake | 38.1 | $114K | ||
| Wildfire | 54.7 | $52K | ||
| Ice storm | 39.2 | $43K | ||
| Winter weather | 41.4 | $40K | ||
| Hurricane | 13.1 | $3K | ||
| Landslide | 58.3 | $2K |
Scores are percentiles: a score of 90 means higher risk than about 90% of US counties for that hazard. Hazards FEMA does not rate here are left out. Social vulnerability is relatively high and community resilience is relatively moderate in FEMA's measures.
Federal disaster history
Recent disasters nationwide ›Declarations by decade
Federal declarations for natural events that included Jefferson County. 2020s bar runs to November 2026.
By type
Most recent
Iowa also had 11 statewide declarations that did not name single counties.
Storm history since 1957
Tornado risk by county ›The National Weather Service has logged 257 storm reports in Jefferson County since 1957, with 0 deaths and 3 injuries and about $30.1 million in reported damage. The strongest on record here was an F3 tornado on May 9, 1959.
Strongest tornadoes
| Date | Strength | Near | Hurt / killed |
|---|---|---|---|
| May 9, 1959 | F3 | – | 0 / 0 |
| Apr 21, 1967 | F3 | – | 0 / 0 |
| May 8, 1988 | F2 | – | 0 / 0 |
| Sep 13, 1982 | F2 | – | 0 / 0 |
| Nov 9, 1975 | F2 | – | 3 / 0 |
Most damaging storms
| Date | Type | Near | Damage |
|---|---|---|---|
| May 8, 1988 | Tornado | – | $25M |
| Sep 13, 1982 | Tornado | – | $3M |
| May 10, 2003 | Hail | Packwood | $500K |
| May 9, 1959 | Tornado | – | $250K |
| Nov 9, 1975 | Tornado | – | $250K |
| Aug 13, 2010 | Flood | Pleasant Plain | $250K |
Source: NOAA Storm Events Database, county-based reports through Jul 10, 2026. Tornado records start in 1950, hail and wind in 1955, and floods and other storm types in 1996, so older decades undercount. Damage is in dollars of the year it happened and is often an estimate. Winter storms, heat and hurricanes are logged by forecast zone, not county, so they are not counted here.
Flood insurance in Jefferson County
Check your address flood zone ›National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) records only; private flood policies are not included. Home counts as of Aug 3, 2026. Since 2021 NFIP prices each home separately under Risk Rating 2.0, so your price depends on the building, not the county. Ask an agent for a quote.
Homes in Jefferson County
Older homes and mobile homes usually suffer more damage in storms, floods and earthquakes, and can cost more to insure. If you are buying, ask about roof age, foundation bolting and any retrofits. Source: US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 2020 to 2024 5-year estimates; 7,706 housing units.
Compare in Iowa
All 99 ›| Largest counties | Overall risk | Top hazard |
|---|---|---|
| Polk County | Inland flooding | |
| Linn County | Inland flooding | |
| Scott County | Inland flooding | |
| Johnson County | Tornado | |
| Black Hawk County | Inland flooding | |
| Woodbury County | Inland flooding | |
| Dallas County | Inland flooding | |
| Dubuque County | Inland flooding |
Neighboring counties
| County | Overall risk | Declarations |
|---|---|---|
| Wapello County | 18 | |
| Washington County | 13 | |
| Henry County | 14 | |
| Keokuk County | 17 | |
| Davis County | 15 | |
| Van Buren County | 14 |
Common questions about Jefferson County
What is the biggest natural hazard in Jefferson County?
Inland flooding has the highest expected yearly losses in Jefferson County, about $2.1 million a year in FEMA's estimate. Heat wave is second at $1.2 million.
How many federal disasters has Jefferson County had?
Jefferson County has been included in 10 federal disaster or emergency declarations for natural events since 1965, including 9 major disasters. The most recent was Severe Storms, Tornadoes, Straight-Line Winds, and Flooding in July 2015.
Is Jefferson County a high-risk place to live?
Its overall rating is Very Low, 73rd highest of 99 in Iowa. A county rating covers the whole area. Risk at one address can be much higher or lower, so check the FEMA flood map and ask about the home's history.
Do I need flood insurance in Jefferson County?
Standard home insurance does not cover flooding. About 1 in 1000 homes in Jefferson County has federal flood insurance. Lenders require it in mapped high-risk zones, but many flood claims come from outside those zones.
How many tornadoes has Jefferson County had?
NOAA records list 14 tornadoes in Jefferson County since 1950. The strongest was an F3 tornado on May 9, 1959. The weather service has also logged 93 hail reports and 22 floods here.
Sources: FEMA National Risk Index (December 2025), OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries, and NFIP policy and claims data. Hazard Compass is independent and not affiliated with FEMA. These figures describe the whole county, not a single property, and are not insurance or safety advice. Report a problem.