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St. Louis County, Minnesota

Natural disaster risk, federal disaster history and flood insurance facts.

Relatively Moderate overall risk
3rd of 87highest risk in Minnesota
$112Mexpected losses a year
15federal declarations
1 in 333homes with flood insurance
Photo: Bold Frontiers, CC BY 2.0

St. Louis County, Minnesota has a moderate overall risk from natural hazards in FEMA's National Risk Index. Its risk score is higher than 92% of US counties. It ranks 3rd of 87 counties in Minnesota. The costliest hazards here are cold waves, inland flooding and lightning. FEMA estimates about $112 million a year in expected losses, or roughly $562 per resident. Since 1970 it has been included in 15 federal disaster or emergency declarations for natural events (12 major disasters). The most recent was in May 2025 (Munger Shaw Fire). Fewer than 1 in 100 homes here carry federal flood insurance (290 policies). Since 1978, federal flood insurance has paid about $1.8 million on 183 claims here, including $1.0 million for floods in 2012.

FEMA National Risk Index December 2025; OpenFEMA declarations to Nov 6, 2026; NFIP records. Updated November 6, 2026.

Top risks in St. Louis County

Cold wave

Very High
$50.6 million a yearExpected losses. Damaging events about 15 times a year.
  • Insulate pipes in outside walls, crawl spaces and garages.
  • Know how to shut off the main water valve.
$49.8 million a yearExpected losses. Damaging events about once a year.
  • Check the FEMA flood map for your address, and ask the seller or landlord about past flooding.
  • Price a flood policy now. Most new federal policies take 30 days to start.

Lightning

Very High
$2.9 million a yearExpected losses. Damaging events about 27 times a year.
  • Go indoors when you hear thunder.
  • Use surge protectors for electronics.
HazardRatingScoreExpected loss a year
Cold waveVery High99.4
$51M
Inland floodingModerate91.8
$50M
LightningVery High97.6
$3M
Heat waveModerate86.5
$2M
TornadoLow64.7
$2M
Winter weatherVery High98.0
$1M
HailModerate84.0
$1M
Strong windModerate71.3
$1M
WildfireLow81.7
$512K
Ice stormModerate63.6
$168K
DroughtLow42.2
$89K
Coastal floodingVery Low35.0
$9K
EarthquakeVery Low3.2
$3K
LandslideVery Low57.4
$2K

Scores are percentiles: a score of 90 means higher risk than about 90% of US counties for that hazard. Hazards FEMA does not rate here are left out. Social vulnerability is relatively low and community resilience is very high in FEMA's measures.

Federal disaster history

Recent disasters nationwide ›

Declarations by decade

Federal declarations for natural events that included St. Louis County. 2020s bar runs to November 2026.

By type

Flood9
Severe Storm3
Drought1
Hurricane1
Fire1

Most recent

May 14, 2025Munger Shaw FireFire management
Jun 28, 2024Severe Storms and FloodingMajor disaster
Jul 19, 2023Severe Storms and FloodingMajor disaster
Jul 13, 2022Severe Storms, Straight-Line Winds, and FloodingMajor disaster
Feb 1, 2019Severe Storms and FloodingMajor disaster
Sep 5, 2018Severe Storms, Tornadoes, Straight-Line Winds, and FloodingMajor disaster
Jul 6, 2012Severe Storms and FloodingMajor disaster
Sep 13, 2005Hurricane Katrina EvacuationEmergency
May 16, 2001Severe Winter Storms, Flooding, and TornadoesMajor disaster
Jul 28, 1999Severe Storms, Winds, and FloodingMajor disaster
Show all 15
Apr 8, 1997Severe Flooding, High Winds,Severe StormsMajor disaster
Aug 18, 1995Severe Thunderstorms, Winds, Flooding, Tornadoes, and HeatMajor disaster
Jun 17, 1976DroughtEmergency
Aug 25, 1972Severe Storms & FloodingMajor disaster
Jul 22, 1970Heavy Rains & FloodingMajor disaster

Minnesota also had 26 statewide declarations that did not name single counties.

Storm history since 1953

Tornado risk by county ›

The National Weather Service has logged 1,356 storm reports in St. Louis County since 1953, with 6 deaths and 69 injuries and about $62.4 million in reported damage. The strongest on record here was an F3 tornado on August 6, 1969.

43tornadoes
530hail reports, largest 4.5 inches
650damaging thunderstorm winds
104floods and flash floods

Strongest tornadoes

DateStrengthNearHurt / killed
Aug 6, 1969F3–3 / 2
Aug 6, 1969F3–20 / 0
Aug 6, 1969F3–9 / 0
Aug 6, 1969F3–0 / 0
Aug 6, 1969F3–0 / 0

Most damaging storms

DateTypeNearDamage
Aug 23, 1998HailDuluth$50M
Aug 6, 1969Tornado–$3M
Aug 6, 1969Tornado–$3M
Jul 1, 2022FloodWinton$1M
Jun 19, 2024FloodCook$1M
Aug 6, 1996LightningHibbing$400K

Source: NOAA Storm Events Database, county-based reports through Jul 27, 2026. Tornado records start in 1950, hail and wind in 1955, and floods and other storm types in 1996, so older decades undercount. Damage is in dollars of the year it happened and is often an estimate. Winter storms, heat and hurricanes are logged by forecast zone, not county, so they are not counted here.

Flood insurance in St. Louis County

Check your address flood zone ›
0.3%of homes have federal flood insurance (290 policies)
0%of homes in mapped high-risk flood zones are insured
$1.8 millionpaid on 183 flood claims since 1978
2012costliest year, with $1 million paid

National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) records only; private flood policies are not included. Home counts as of Aug 3, 2026. Since 2021 NFIP prices each home separately under Risk Rating 2.0, so your price depends on the building, not the county. Ask an agent for a quote.

Homes in St. Louis County

$221,400median home value (Minnesota $329,300, US $332,700)
1962median year homes were built (Minnesota 1979, US 1980)
70%of homes built before 1980, before many modern wind, quake and flood building rules
3.8%of homes are mobile homes, which are the least safe in tornadoes and high winds

Older homes and mobile homes usually suffer more damage in storms, floods and earthquakes, and can cost more to insure. If you are buying, ask about roof age, foundation bolting and any retrofits. Source: US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 2020 to 2024 5-year estimates; 104,263 housing units.

Compare in Minnesota

All 87 ›
Largest countiesOverall riskTop hazard
Hennepin CountyHighInland flooding
Ramsey CountyHighInland flooding
Dakota CountyModerateInland flooding
Anoka CountyModerateInland flooding
Washington CountyModerateInland flooding
St. Louis CountyModerateCold wave
Olmsted CountyModerateInland flooding
Stearns CountyModerateInland flooding

Neighboring counties

CountyOverall riskDeclarations
Itasca CountyLow13
Douglas County, WILow8
Carlton CountyLow8
Aitkin CountyLow19
Koochiching CountyVery Low10
Lake CountyVery Low10

Cities in St. Louis County

Common questions about St. Louis County

What is the biggest natural hazard in St. Louis County?

Cold wave has the highest expected yearly losses in St. Louis County, about $50.6 million a year in FEMA's estimate. Inland flooding is second at $49.8 million.

How many federal disasters has St. Louis County had?

St. Louis County has been included in 15 federal disaster or emergency declarations for natural events since 1970, including 12 major disasters. The most recent was Munger Shaw Fire in May 2025.

Is St. Louis County a high-risk place to live?

Its overall rating is Relatively Moderate, 3rd highest of 87 in Minnesota. A county rating covers the whole area. Risk at one address can be much higher or lower, so check the FEMA flood map and ask about the home's history.

Do I need flood insurance in St. Louis County?

Standard home insurance does not cover flooding. About 1 in 333 homes in St. Louis County has federal flood insurance. Lenders require it in mapped high-risk zones, but many flood claims come from outside those zones.

How many tornadoes has St. Louis County had?

NOAA records list 43 tornadoes in St. Louis County since 1950. The strongest was an F3 tornado on August 6, 1969. The weather service has also logged 530 hail reports and 104 floods here.

Sources: FEMA National Risk Index (December 2025), OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries, and NFIP policy and claims data. Hazard Compass is independent and not affiliated with FEMA. These figures describe the whole county, not a single property, and are not insurance or safety advice. Report a problem.