Madison County, Alabama

Madison County, Alabama has a relatively high overall risk from natural hazards in FEMA's National Risk Index. Its risk score is higher than 95% of US counties. It ranks 4th of 67 counties in Alabama. The costliest hazards here are inland flooding, tornadoes and cold waves. FEMA estimates about $180 million a year in expected losses, or roughly $463 per resident. Since 1973 it has been included in 19 federal disaster or emergency declarations for natural events (11 major disasters). The most recent was in September 2024 (Hurricane Helene). About 1 in 45 homes here carry federal flood insurance (3,053 policies). Since 1978, federal flood insurance has paid about $12 million on 785 claims here, including $3.8 million for floods in 1999.

FEMA National Risk Index December 2025; OpenFEMA declarations to Nov 6, 2026; NFIP records. Updated November 6, 2026.

Scores are percentiles: a score of 90 means higher risk than about 90% of US counties for that hazard. Hazards FEMA does not rate here are left out. Social vulnerability is relatively low and community resilience is very high in FEMA's measures.

The National Weather Service has logged 1,962 storm reports in Madison County since 1951, with 69 deaths and 833 injuries and about $551 million in reported damage. The strongest on record here was an F5 tornado on April 3, 1974.

Source: NOAA Storm Events Database, county-based reports through Feb 26, 2026. Tornado records start in 1950, hail and wind in 1955, and floods and other storm types in 1996, so older decades undercount. Damage is in dollars of the year it happened and is often an estimate. Winter storms, heat and hurricanes are logged by forecast zone, not county, so they are not counted here.

Since 1892, 0 hurricanes and 4 tropical storms have passed within 65 miles of the center of Madison County, 3 of them since 1950. The strongest was Tropical Storm Opal (1995), with top winds near 50 mph about 65 miles away.

Source: NOAA National Hurricane Center best-track records (HURDAT2), 1851 to 2025 for the Atlantic and 1949 to 2025 for the eastern Pacific. A storm counts if its track passed within 65 miles of the county's center while it was a tropical storm or hurricane. Strength is the storm's top sustained wind at that point, not the wind measured in the county. Older storms over the open sea were sometimes missed.

National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) records only; private flood policies are not included. Home counts as of Aug 3, 2026. Since 2021 NFIP prices each home separately under Risk Rating 2.0, so your price depends on the building, not the county. Ask an agent for a quote.

Older homes and mobile homes usually suffer more damage in storms, floods and earthquakes, and can cost more to insure. If you are buying, ask about roof age, foundation bolting and any retrofits. Source: US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 2020 to 2024 5-year estimates; 178,607 housing units.

Sources: FEMA National Risk Index (December 2025), OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries, and NFIP policy and claims data. Hazard Compass is independent and not affiliated with FEMA. These figures describe the whole county, not a single property, and are not insurance or safety advice. Report a problem.