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Salt Lake County, Utah

Natural disaster risk, federal disaster history and flood insurance facts.

Relatively High overall risk
1st of 29highest risk in Utah
$622Mexpected losses a year
10federal declarations
1 in 500homes with flood insurance
Photo: Garrett from Salt Lake City, CC BY 2.0

Salt Lake County, Utah has a relatively high overall risk from natural hazards in FEMA's National Risk Index. Its risk score is higher than 99% of US counties. It ranks 1st of 29 counties in Utah. The costliest hazards here are earthquakes, inland flooding and wildfires. FEMA estimates about $622 million a year in expected losses, or roughly $525 per resident. Since 1983 it has been included in 10 federal disaster or emergency declarations for natural events (6 major disasters). The most recent was in August 2021 (Parleys Canyon Fire). Fewer than 1 in 100 homes here carry federal flood insurance (813 policies). Since 1978, federal flood insurance has paid about $1.7 million on 406 claims here.

FEMA National Risk Index December 2025; OpenFEMA declarations to Nov 6, 2026; NFIP records. Updated November 6, 2026.

Top risks in Salt Lake County

$488 million a yearExpected losses. Damaging events about once every 65 years.
  • Ask whether an older house is bolted to its foundation.
  • Consider separate earthquake insurance where risk is high.
$79.3 million a yearExpected losses. Damaging events about once a year.
  • Check the FEMA flood map for your address, and ask the seller or landlord about past flooding.
  • Price a flood policy now. Most new federal policies take 30 days to start.
$25.2 million a yearExpected losses. Damaging events about once every 155 years.
  • Clear dry plants and debris within 5 feet of the house.
  • Get home insurance quotes early; availability varies by area.
HazardRatingScoreExpected loss a year
EarthquakeHigh99.6
$488M
Inland floodingModerate92.9
$79M
WildfireHigh98.3
$25M
AvalancheVery High99.1
$12M
Heat waveModerate92.9
$6M
TornadoModerate71.0
$4M
LightningHigh94.4
$3M
Winter weatherVery High98.7
$2M
Strong windModerate68.4
$1M
HailLow68.1
$754K
Cold waveLow32.6
$696K
DroughtLow44.4
$144K
LandslideLow86.4
$53K
Ice stormVery Low13.8
$12K
Volcanic activityVery Low75.2
$281

Scores are percentiles: a score of 90 means higher risk than about 90% of US counties for that hazard. Hazards FEMA does not rate here are left out. Social vulnerability is very low and community resilience is relatively high in FEMA's measures.

Federal disaster history

Recent disasters nationwide ›

Declarations by decade

Federal declarations for natural events that included Salt Lake County. 2020s bar runs to November 2026.

By type

Flood3
Fire3
Tornado1
Coastal Storm1
Earthquake1
Severe Storm1

Most recent

Aug 14, 2021Parleys Canyon FireFire management
Jan 12, 2021Straight-Line WindsMajor disaster
Jul 9, 2020Earthquake and AftershocksMajor disaster
Jun 29, 2012Rose Crest FireFire management
Aug 8, 2011FloodingMajor disaster
Sep 19, 2010Machine Gun FireFire management
Sep 5, 2005Hurricane Katrina EvacuationEmergency
Aug 16, 1999Tornado, Severe Thunderstorms, and HailMajor disaster
Aug 17, 1984Severe Storms, Mudslides, Landslides & FloodingMajor disaster
Apr 30, 1983Severe Storms, Landslides & FloodingMajor disaster

Utah also had 7 statewide declarations that did not name single counties.

Storm history since 1956

Tornado risk by county ›

The National Weather Service has logged 527 storm reports in Salt Lake County since 1956, with 5 deaths and 106 injuries and about $215 million in reported damage. The strongest on record here was an F2 tornado on August 11, 1999 near Salt Lake City.

14tornadoes
121hail reports, largest 1.75 inches
325damaging thunderstorm winds
45floods and flash floods

Strongest tornadoes

DateStrengthNearHurt / killed
Aug 11, 1999F2Salt Lake City80 / 1
Feb 9, 1965F2–0 / 0
Jan 10, 1989F1–0 / 0
Mar 2, 1989F1–0 / 0
Jul 8, 1989F1–0 / 0

Most damaging storms

DateTypeNearDamage
Aug 11, 1999TornadoSalt Lake City$171M
Aug 3, 2023Flash FloodNash$16M
Jul 26, 2017Flash FloodSalt Lake City$9M
Oct 5, 1994HailCottonwood Hts$5M
Aug 1, 2006Thunderstorm WindCountywide$2M
Jun 9, 1998Heavy RainWest Jordan$2M

Source: NOAA Storm Events Database, county-based reports through Jul 29, 2026. Tornado records start in 1950, hail and wind in 1955, and floods and other storm types in 1996, so older decades undercount. Damage is in dollars of the year it happened and is often an estimate. Winter storms, heat and hurricanes are logged by forecast zone, not county, so they are not counted here.

Flood insurance in Salt Lake County

Check your address flood zone ›
0.2%of homes have federal flood insurance (813 policies)
16.5%of homes in mapped high-risk flood zones are insured
$1.7 millionpaid on 406 flood claims since 1978
1984costliest year, with $493,880 paid

National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) records only; private flood policies are not included. Home counts as of Aug 3, 2026. Since 2021 NFIP prices each home separately under Risk Rating 2.0, so your price depends on the building, not the county. Ask an agent for a quote.

Homes in Salt Lake County

$525,700median home value (Utah $489,400, US $332,700)
1986median year homes were built (Utah 1992, US 1980)
43%of homes built before 1980, before many modern wind, quake and flood building rules
1.8%of homes are mobile homes, which are the least safe in tornadoes and high winds

Older homes and mobile homes usually suffer more damage in storms, floods and earthquakes, and can cost more to insure. If you are buying, ask about roof age, foundation bolting and any retrofits. Source: US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 2020 to 2024 5-year estimates; 449,662 housing units.

Compare in Utah

All 29 ›
Largest countiesOverall riskTop hazard
Salt Lake CountyHighEarthquake
Utah CountyHighEarthquake
Davis CountyModerateEarthquake
Weber CountyModerateEarthquake
Washington CountyModerateWildfire
Cache CountyLowEarthquake
Tooele CountyLowWildfire
Box Elder CountyLowEarthquake

Neighboring counties

CountyOverall riskDeclarations
Utah CountyHigh11
Davis CountyModerate9
Tooele CountyLow9
Summit CountyLow8
Wasatch CountyVery Low9
Morgan CountyVery Low8

Common questions about Salt Lake County

What is the biggest natural hazard in Salt Lake County?

Earthquake has the highest expected yearly losses in Salt Lake County, about $488 million a year in FEMA's estimate. Inland flooding is second at $79.3 million.

How many federal disasters has Salt Lake County had?

Salt Lake County has been included in 10 federal disaster or emergency declarations for natural events since 1983, including 6 major disasters. The most recent was Parleys Canyon Fire in August 2021.

Is Salt Lake County a high-risk place to live?

Its overall rating is Relatively High, 1st highest of 29 in Utah. A county rating covers the whole area. Risk at one address can be much higher or lower, so check the FEMA flood map and ask about the home's history.

Do I need flood insurance in Salt Lake County?

Standard home insurance does not cover flooding. About 1 in 500 homes in Salt Lake County has federal flood insurance. Lenders require it in mapped high-risk zones, but many flood claims come from outside those zones.

How many tornadoes has Salt Lake County had?

NOAA records list 14 tornadoes in Salt Lake County since 1950. The strongest was an F2 tornado on August 11, 1999 near Salt Lake City. The weather service has also logged 121 hail reports and 45 floods here.

Sources: FEMA National Risk Index (December 2025), OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries, and NFIP policy and claims data. Hazard Compass is independent and not affiliated with FEMA. These figures describe the whole county, not a single property, and are not insurance or safety advice. Report a problem.